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Uterus as a Safe Environment for the Maintenance and Development of the Fetus: A Review of the Viewpoints of the Holy Qur'an and Immunological Science
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Kousar Smailnejad-Ganji    , Mousa Mohammadnia-Afrouzi , Mohammad Hadi Yadollahpour , Mehdi Shahbazi * |
| 1. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran & 2. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran , mehdishahbazi60@yahoo.com |
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Abstract: (14 Views) |
Background and aim: Pregnancy is a complex physiological process that requires a harmonious coexistence between the maternal immune system and the fetus, because the fetus is a semi-allogeneic tissue; therefore, the maternal immune system can identify the fetus as a foreign entity and respond to it. However, not only does this not occur, but the uterus, with its own specific characteristics, provides a safe environment for the development of the fetus. On the other hand, the importance of the safety of the uterus has also been mentioned and emphasized in various verses of the Holy Qur'an. This review article examines some of these pieces of evidence from the perspective of immunology and the verses of the Holy Qur'an.
Materials and methods: In the present review study, 30 articles from electronic databases and scientific search engines such as PubMed and Google Scholar were reviewed.
Findings: In immunology, the mother's immunological adaptation or tolerance to the fetus is due to the cooperation of several mechanisms, such as the predominance of the humoral immune profile compared with cellular immunity with the participation of T-helper 2 cells, increased secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines, inhibition of the cytotoxic function of T lymphocytes and natural killer cells, inhibition of the secretion of inflammatory cytokines, inhibition of complement function, and an increase in regulatory T cells. In this way, the uterus becomes a safe place for the preservation and development of the fetus during the pregnancy process. The importance of the safety of the uterus has also been mentioned and emphasized in various verses of the Holy Qur'an. The term " al-Qarar al-Makin" in various verses of the Qur'an also refers to the safety of the uterus in terms of physical and immunological protection.
Conclusion: In many verses of the Qur'an, it is stated that God has made the uterus a safe place for the fetus, and these verses are completely consistent with the findings obtained from scientific studies and objective evidence in successful pregnancies. The results show that the integration of Qur'anic verses and scientific findings can strengthen the understanding of the scientific miracle of the Qur'an as divine words. |
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| Keywords: Pregnancy, Immunological tolerance, Uterus, Fetus, Immune privilege, Holy Qur'an |
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Full-Text [PDF 455 kb]
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Type of Study: Review Article |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2026/05/30 | Accepted: 2026/10/12 | Published: 2026/10/26
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